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Will Emergency Holds Reduce Opioid Overdose Deaths?

Elizabeth A. Samuels, M.D., M.P.H., M.H.S.,  Otis U. Warren, M.D.,  Corey S. Davis, J.D., M.S.P.H.,  and Paul P. Christopher, M.D. he opioid overdose crisis has claimed more than 400,000 lives in the United States since 1999. As part of efforts to reduce overdose deaths and increase enrollment in treatment, lawmakers in some states are contemplating enacting or expanding emergency hold laws that permit some patients with severe substance use disorder to be involuntarily detained for short-term observation and, in some cases, treatment. A bill introduced in Rhode Island during the past two legislative sessions, for example, would allow physicians to request that a court order a 72-hour hold for inpatient treatment for a person with substance use disorder who “presents a danger or threat of danger to self, family, or others, if not treated.” Similar statutes have already been enacted in other states, including Minnesota and Washington.Join OET / IELTS Training at w...

Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma

Abstract BACKGROUND Nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone resulted in longer progression-free and overall survival than ipilimumab alone in a trial involving patients with advanced melanoma. We now report 5-year outcomes in the trial . METHODS We randomly assigned patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma to receive one of the following regimens: nivolumab (at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight) plus ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram) every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks); nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab-matched placebo; or ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses) plus nivolumab-matched placebo. The two primary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and in the nivolumab group, as compared with the ipilimumab group. RESULTS At a minimum follow-up of 60 months, the median overall survival was more...